After reciting Tashahhud, Ta‘awuuz and Surah al-Fatihah, His Holiness, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad (aba) stated that he would proceed mentioning particulars concerning the Treaty of Hudaibiyah.

His Holiness (aba) stated that the Holy Prophet (sa) had appointed a gaggle of companions to face guard. The Quraish had despatched a contingent to circle the Muslims and strike at any time they discovered a gap to trigger hurt to the Holy Prophet (sa) and the Muslims. This group was led by Mikraz, and when a few of these folks from the Quraish had been apprehended by the Muslims, Mikraz fled and warned the others, proving true the assertion of the Holy Prophet (sa) that Mikraz was a deceiver.

His Holiness (aba) stated that with the permission of the Holy Prophet (sa), there was a gaggle of Muslims who entered Makkah. When the Quraish discovered of this, they apprehended the Muslims. Meanwhile, the Quraish had discovered that their contingent had been captured, in order that they despatched one other armed group to assault the Muslims. They shot arrows and threw stones, inflicting the martyrdom of Hazrat Ibn Sulaim (ra). The Muslims had been capable of apprehend 12 folks from this group.

His Holiness (aba) stated that the Quraish despatched an envoy in direction of the Holy Prophet (sa), which included Suhail bin Amr. Upon arriving, he stated that he was very disillusioned in regards to the matter of Hazrat Uthman (ra) and the opposite companions being held captive, in addition to the contingents of the Quraish being despatched to assault the Muslims was an unlucky matter that he had no information about and was below the directions of solely a sure few. They requested for his or her captives to be returned, to which the Holy Prophet (sa) stated he would solely accomplish that when the Muslim captives had been launched. Therefore, the Quraish launched Hazrat Uthman (ra) and the opposite companions, and in return, the Holy Prophet (sa) launched the Quraish captives.

Situations of the Treaty

His Holiness (aba) stated that when Hazrat Uthman (ra) had been captured, the Holy Prophet (sa) had taken a pledge from all of the companions often known as the Bai’at-e-Ridwan. When the Quraish discovered of this pledge, they turned fearful and so a few of them suggested {that a} treaty ought to be fashioned stating that the Muslims would return that 12 months and return the subsequent 12 months to remain in Makkah for 3 days with sure situations about weaponry and provisions. Therefore, they despatched this proposition with Suhail bin Amr. Upon seeing him strategy, the Holy Prophet (sa) stated that it appeared the Quraish had been sending a proposition for peace.

His Holiness (aba) quoted Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad (ra) who writes:

‘When Suhail bin ‘Amr got here earlier than the Holy Prophet (sa), upon seeing him the Holy Prophet (sa) instantly stated, “Suhail is coming. Now the matter shall be made straightforward.” In any case, Suhail got here and upon arriving he stated, “Come, neglect this prolonged dispute, we’re ready to make an settlement.” The Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “So are we.” Upon this, the Holy Prophet (sa) summoned his secretary, Hazrat Ali (ra), and since a common dialogue had already taken place as to the situations of this treaty, and the main points had been to be agreed upon alongside the way in which, as quickly because the scribe arrived, the Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Write – ‘Within the title of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful.’” stay vigilant in defending the rights of the Quraish and their honour. He instantly stated, “What is that this phrase Rahman, we have no idea this. Write because the Arabs have all the time written, “With Thine title, O Allah.” However, it was a query of nationwide satisfaction and non secular indignation for the Muslims, who instantly alerted, started to say, “We will certainly write “Within the title of Allah…” however the Holy Prophet (sa) silenced the Muslims saying, “Irrespective of, there isn’t a drawback on this, write as Suhail says.” So, the phrases “With Thine title, O Allah” had been written. Then the Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Write – That is the treaty that Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah has concluded.” Suhail interjected as soon as once more saying, “We will not can help you write the phrases, ‘Messenger of Allah.’ For if we’re to simply accept that you’re the Messenger of Allah, then this whole dispute could be put to relaxation and we might don’t have any proper to hinder you and combat you. In order is our customized, solely write the phrases, ‘Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah has settled this treaty.’” The Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Whether or not you settle for it or not, I’m the Messenger of Allah. Nevertheless, since I’m additionally Muhammad bin Abdullah, alright then, as you want. Write – Muhammad bin Abdullah has concluded this treaty.” Nevertheless, throughout this time, Hazrat Ali (ra), the scribe of the Holy Prophet (sa) had already written the phrases, ‘Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah.’ The Holy Prophet (sa) requested Hazrat Ali (ra) to erase the phrases ‘Muhammad the Messenger of Allah’ and write, ‘Muhammad bin Abdullah’ of their stead. Nevertheless, this was a reason for immense emotion and in his indignation Hazrat Ali (ra) stated, “O Messenger of Allah, I shall by no means erase the phrases ‘The Messenger of Allah’ out of your title.” Upon seeing the uncontrollable state of Hazrat ‘Ali (ra), the Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Alright, When you shall not erase it, give it right here, I shall erase it myself.” Then the Holy Prophet (sa) took the parchment (or no matter it was) of the treaty in his personal fingers and inquiring as to the whereabouts of the phrases ‘Messenger of Allah’, erased them along with his personal fingers and wrote the phrases “Ibn Abdullah” as an alternative.

After this, the Holy Prophet (sa) had written, “The settlement is that the folks of Makkah shall not cease us from circumambulating the Baitullah.” Suhail instantly stated, “By God, this shall not be attainable this 12 months, or we will be disgraced earlier than the Arabs. Nonetheless, you could come subsequent 12 months to circumambulate the Ka‘bah.” The Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Alright, write this.” Then, Suhail additionally had a situation written from himself that, “None from among the many folks of Makkah shall be permitted to hitch the Muslims even when he be a Muslim, and if such an individual involves the Muslims, he shall be returned.” Upon this, the companions protested, “Glory be to Allah! How is it attainable {that a} man involves us embracing Islam and we ship him again!” Whereas they had been on this state of altercation, Abu Jandal, the son of Suhail bin Amr, who was the ambassador of the Quraish, discovered approach to this meeting immediately, stumbling in fetters and handcuffs. This younger man had been imprisoned by the folks of Makkah on his changing into a Muslim and had subjected him to extreme torment. When he got here to know that the Holy Prophet (sa) had come so near Makkah, by some means, he escaped the imprisonment of the Quraish and nonetheless tied in his fetters, he managed to stagger to Hudaibiyah. By the way, he reached there at a time when his father was stipulating the situation, “Each man who involves the Muslims from the folks of Makkah, even when he be a Muslim, shall be returned.” Abu Jandal threw himself earlier than the Muslims and really painfully cried, “O Ye Muslims! I’m being subjected to this torment, merely on account of my having accepted Islam! Save me for the sake of God!” Upon the sight of this, the Muslims started to toss in agony, however Suhail additionally remained obstinate and stated to the Holy Prophet (sa), “As per this treaty, that is the primary demand I make to you, that you simply return Abu Jandal to me.” The Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “The treaty has but to be finalised.” Suhail stated, “If you don’t return him to me, think about this treaty dissolved.” The Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Let it go and grant Abu Jandal to us as an act of favor and kindness.” Suhail stated, “No, by no means.” The Holy Prophet (sa) stated, “Suhail! Don’t be obstinate! Hearken to me on this.” Suhail stated, “I can’t settle for this in any case.” Upon this, Abu Jandal cried out as soon as once more, “O Ye Muslims! Shall your Muslim brother be despatched again to the idolators after having suffered such extreme torment?”…The Holy Prophet (sa) remained silent for a while, after which painfully stated, “O Abu Jandal! Be affected person. Look in direction of God, for it’s He who shall certainly prepare on your deliverance and on your weak Muslim brothers. Right now, we’re certain by our circumstances, as a result of we have now already settled an settlement with the folks of Makkah and we can’t act in violation of this treaty.”’

(The Life and Character of the Seal of Prophets (sa), Vol. 3, pp. 137-140)

Apprehension of Hazrat Umar (ra)

His Holiness (aba) that upon witnessing this, Hazrat Umar (ra) turned very emotion, and requested the Holy Prophet (sa) whether or not the Muslims not upon the reality and the disbelievers upon falsehood. The Holy Prophet (sa) stated that it was definitely so. Hazrat Umar (ra) then requested why they had been enduring such humiliation on account of this treaty. The Holy Prophet (sa) stated that being the Messenger of Allah he would by no means disobey God, and that God would assist in below each circumstance. Hazrat Umar (ra) requested the Holy Prophet (sa) that had he not stated they might carry out circuits across the Ka’bah? The Holy Prophet (sa) stated that certainly he had, however he had by no means specified that it could be that very 12 months. Hazrat Umar (ra) then went to Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) and requested him the identical questions. Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) responded saying that he was the Messenger of Allah (sa) thus he would by no means disobey Allah and that Allah would all the time help him, and so he suggested Hazrat Umar (ra) to all the time stay obedient to him. Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra) additionally gave the identical response to the query of performing circuits across the Ka’bah, saying that the Holy Prophet (sa) had not specified that it could be that exact same 12 months. Later, Hazrat Umar (ra) repented and elevated his good deeds as expiation for his conduct at the moment.

His Holiness (aba) quoted Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad (ra) concerning the situations of the treaty, who writes:

‘After a lot disagreement and bother, this treaty was concluded ultimately. In nearly each stipulation, the Holy Prophet (sa) forfeited his time period and accepted the demand of the Quraish. Moreover, in accordance with Divine Will, the Holy Prophet (sa) fulfilled his oath with full loyalty in that he ought to settle for regardless of the Quraish demanded for the sake of the Baitullah and so as to safeguard the reverence of the Haram in any respect prices. The situations of this treaty had been as follows:

Sahih Bukhari

Two copies of this settlement had been transcribed and as witnesses, many esteemed folks put down their signatures. From the Muslims had been Hazrat Abu Bakr (ra), Hazrat Umar (ra), Hazrat Uthman (ra) (who had returned from Makkah by that point), Abdur-Rahman bin Auf (ra), Sa‘d bin Abi Waqqas (ra) and Abu Ubaidah (ra). After the settlement had been concluded, Suhail bin Amr took one copy of the settlement and returned to Makkah, whereas the opposite copy remained with the Holy Prophet (sa).’

(The Life and Character of the Seal of Prophets (sa), Vol. 3, pp. 141-143)

Dispelling the Anxiousness of the Muslims

His Holiness (aba) additional quoted Hazrat Mirza Bahir Ahmad (ra) who writes:

‘When Suhail returned, the Holy Prophet (sa) stated to the Muslims, “Stand up and after slaughtering your animals, shave your heads proper right here (after the sacrifice, the hair on the top is both shaved or minimize brief), after which put together for our return.” Nevertheless, the companions had been in a state of maximum shock, attributable to what gave the impression to be an apparently humiliating settlement. Furthermore, after they would assume that the Holy Prophet (sa) had introduced them there on the idea of a dream of his and Allah the Exalted had proven a scene of the Tawaf of the Baitullah in that dream, their inclinations started to sink exceedingly. They had been like lifeless beings sitting with out feeling or motion. That they had full religion within the Messenger of Allah and utterly believed in his promise as nicely, however as a result of calls for of human nature, their hearts had fainted in grief attributable to this obvious failure. It is for that reason that when the Holy Prophet (sa) instructed them to slaughter their animal sacrifices and return, the companions didn’t transfer. This was not as a result of they had been, God-forbid, disobedient to their Messenger (sa), for no neighborhood has existed on the face of this earth which was extra obedient than the companions of the Holy Prophet (sa). Therefore, their lack of execution was not an act of rebel or disobedience, somewhat, it was as a result of the sensation of grief and obvious shame had paralysed them; it was as in the event that they heard however couldn’t hear, and noticed however their eyes didn’t perform. The Holy Prophet (sa) was deeply harm by this and quietly retired to his tent. Hazrat Ummi Salmah (ra), the venerable spouse of the Holy Prophet (sa), who was an exceptionally clever girl, was watching your complete scene from her tent. When she noticed her burdened and beloved husband enter in a state of concern and she or he inquired as to the main points of the grief and concern of the Holy Prophet (sa) from his personal mouth, she sympathetically and lovingly stated to him, “O Messenger of Allah! Don’t grieve, your companions, by the grace of God, will not be disobedient. Nevertheless, the situations of this treaty have misplaced their senses in grief. My suggestion is that you simply say nothing to them, somewhat, quietly exit and slaughter your animal sacrifice and shave your head. Your companions shall robotically comply with your lead. The Holy Prophet (sa) was happy with this advice. With out saying a phrase, the Holy Prophet (sa) slaughtered his animal sacrifice and commenced to shave his head. When the companions noticed this scene, simply as a sleeping man immediately awakens upon a clamour, and many others., they had been startled and as if woken up and so started to slaughter their animals in a frenzy and shaved the heads of each other. Nevertheless, grief had made them so immensely stressed at the moment, that the narrator relates that such was the state of affairs, that there was a hazard that whereas shaving the heads of each other, the companions may have well-nigh (by chance) minimize the throats of one another. In any case, the advice of Hazrat Ummi Salmah (ra) succeeded and the place the blessed phrases of the Holy Prophet (sa) quickly remained ineffective, his motion immediately awoke his followers who sat immobile on the time.’

(The Life and Character of the Seal of Prophets (sa), Vol. 3, pp. 143-145)

His Holiness (aba) stated that when the Holy Prophet (sa) had sacrificed his camel, the camel that had as soon as belonged to Abu Jahl and was taken as spoils, ran away. Nevertheless, it was discovered after which sacrificed on behalf of seven folks. That day the Holy Prophet (sa) sacrificed 70 animals, every on behalf of seven folks. Twenty animals had been despatched in direction of Marwah in order that they could possibly be sacrificed there. Then, the Holy Prophet (sa) shaved his head. Thereafter, the Muslims adopted swimsuit in both shaving or slicing their hair. The Holy Prophet (sa) prayed for many who shaved their heads. He stated thrice that will Allah have mercy on those that shaved their heads after which the fourth time stated that will Allah have mercy on those that trimmed their hair.

His Holiness (aba) stated that it’s recorded that the Holy Prophet (sa) remained in Hudaibiyah for 19 days. His Holiness (aba) quoted Hazrat Mirza Bashir Ahmad (ra) who writes:

‘After making his sacrifice, the Holy Prophet (sa) ordered the return to Madinah. On the time, it had been a bit of below 20 days because the Holy Prophet (sa) had arrived in Ḥudaibiyah. Throughout his return journey, when the Holy Prophet (sa) reached Kira‘ul-Ghamim close to ‘Usfan and it was night time, the Holy Prophet (sa) made an announcement and gathered all of the companions. He stated, “This night time, a Surah has been revealed to me, and it’s extra pricey to me than all of the issues of this world.” It’s as follows:

“O Messenger, we have now certainly given thee a powerful victory, in order that we could start for you an period, whereby the veil of forgiveness shall cowl up thy shortcomings, previous and future, and that He could full His favour upon thee and should information thee on the straight path of success. And certainly, Allāh shall assist thee with a mighty assist…The reality is that God certainly fulfilled the imaginative and prescient for His Messenger. For now, God Prepared, you shall enter the sacred home in a state of safety, a few of you having their heads shaven and others having their hair minimize brief, and also you shall don’t have any concern.” In different phrases, if you happen to had been to have entered Makkah this 12 months, it could not have been an entry of safety; it could have been an entry of struggle and bloodshed. Nevertheless, within the imaginative and prescient, God had proven an entry of safety and it is for that reason that, on account of the settlement this 12 months, a state of safety has been devised. Now, in accordance with the imaginative and prescient proven by God, you shall quickly enter the Sacred Mosque in a state of safety. Certainly, it so occurred.”

When the Holy Prophet (sa) recited these verses to the companions, because the hearts of some companions nonetheless felt the bitterness of the Treaty of Hudaibiyah, they turned stunned, pondering that though they had been returning in failure, however but God was giving them good needs on their victory. Some hasty companions even stated, “Is it a victory that we’re returning while being disadvantaged of performing Tawaf across the Baitullah?” When these phrases reached the Holy Prophet (sa), he expressed nice displeasure. In a short however highly effective speech, he stated:

“That is an absurd objection, as a result of if you happen to mirror it shall turn out to be evident that the Treaty of Hudaibiyah is really a momentous victory. The Quraish who had been bent on struggle, have themselves forsaken struggle and settled a peace treaty with us, and have promised to open the doorways of Makkah to us the next 12 months. Safeguarded from the mischief of the Quraish, we are actually returning in peace and safety, while receiving the perfume of our future victory. Due to this fact, certainly, this can be a grand victory. Have you ever all forgotten how this very tribe, the Quraish, launched onslaughts of struggle in opposition to you in Uhud and Ahzab? This earth, with all its vastness, turned straitened for you and your eyes had been petrified, and also you trembled in concern. Immediately, nonetheless, this very Quraish is settling a treaty of peace and safety with you.”

The companions responded, “O Messenger of Allah! We’ve got understood, we have now understood. We can’t attain your farsightedness, however now we have now understood that this treaty really is a momentous victory for us.”’

(The Life and Character of the Seal of Prophets (sa), Vol. 3, pp. 145-146)

His Holiness (aba) stated that this treaty bore many fruits. Makkah was in the end conquered and the variety of Muslims grew due to the peace and the newfound means to freely transfer and meet, permitting others to fulfill Muslims and be taught from them. This resulted in them discovering out in regards to the fact and changing into inclined to it. Finally, this led to the Arabs accepting Islam.

His Holiness (aba) stated that he would proceed mentioning these particulars sooner or later.

Abstract ready by The Assessment of Religions